Experiencing a miscarriage is deeply heartbreaking, but facing it repeatedly can feel emotionally devastating. When standard checkups say everything is normal, the answer often lies in microscopic genetic structures. Prof. (Dr.) Abha Majumdar provides highly advanced, science-driven protocols to identify hidden barriers and protect your dream of a healthy baby.
Recurrent Pregnancy Loss is clinically defined when a couple experiences two or more consecutive early pregnancy losses. In nearly half of these cases, routine pelvic scans, basic blood work, and standard hormone evaluations show absolutely perfect results. This places the condition squarely within the realm of **Unexplained Reproductive Obstacles**—meaning the cause is functional or genetic, operating at a cellular level where traditional tools cannot look.
• Chromosomal Numerical Errors (Aneuploidy): The most common reason for early pregnancy loss. Even if both parents have perfectly healthy genetics, the egg and sperm division process can sometimes create an embryo with missing or extra chromosomes. Nature naturally halts the growth of such embryos, leading to a miscarriage.
• Structural Genetic Rearrangements: Sometimes, a parent carries a silent chromosomal shift (like a Balanced Translocation). It does not affect their daily health at all, but when passed down, it can cause severe genetic imbalances in the embryo.
• Uterine Environment & Immune Factors: Subtle blood-clotting tendencies (like Antiphospholipid Syndrome – APS) or hyper-active uterine immune cells can mistakenly disrupt the blood flow to a newly attaching embryo.
For couples facing repeated pregnancy losses due to genetic shifts, standard IVF alone isn’t enough. We combine IVF with **Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT)**. This specialized protocol allows us to screen the genetic health of an embryo inside the laboratory *before* it is gently introduced into your womb.
• PGT-A (Screening for Structural Counting Errors): This test scans all 23 pairs of chromosomes in a Day 5 blastocyst embryo. It identifies which embryos possess the exact, healthy number of chromosomes, drastically reducing miscarriage rates and boosting your pregnancy success timelines.
• PGT-M (Screening for Known Inherited Conditions): If a parent carries a known single-gene disorder (such as Thalassemia, Cystic Fibrosis, or Huntington’s disease), PGT-M allows us to specifically spot and transfer only the embryos completely free of that hereditary condition.
• Safe Micro-Biopsy: On Day 5, when the embryo reaches the robust blastocyst stage, our expert embryologists gently harvest a tiny sample of cells from the outer layer (the layer that eventually forms the placenta). The inner cellular mass that creates the baby is left completely untouched and safe.
• Laser-Assisted Hatching (LAH): For embryos with slightly thickened outer shells, a highly precise microscopic laser is used to create a tiny opening. This significantly eases the biopsy process and enhances the embryo’s natural ability to hatch out and attach to your womb successfully.
• Targeted Medical Supports: If blood clotting or immune variations are identified during your assessment, Dr. Abha combines your healthy embryo transfer with low-dose blood-thinning therapies (like eco-sprin or low molecular weight heparin) to ensure smooth, safe development.
Traditionally, an evaluation was advised after three losses. However, modern global guidelines followed by Dr. Abha Majumdar recommend a comprehensive diagnostic evaluation after two consecutive early pregnancy losses to save couples from further physical and emotional distress.
When performed by an expert, high-tier embryology team, the risk is exceptionally minimal (less than 1%). The biopsy is carefully taken only from the outer trophectoderm layer (the cells destined to become the placenta) on Day 5, leaving the primary inner cell mass completely safe and undisturbed.
Yes, absolutely. Parental karyotyping ensures that you and your partner have balanced adult chromosomes. However, as eggs and sperm mature and combine to form an embryo, spontaneous cell-division errors (Aneuploidies) can occur completely by chance. PGT-A is specifically designed to spot these spontaneous anomalies.
PGT-A scans embryos for random, spontaneous numerical errors (missing or extra chromosomes). PGT-SR is a specialized protocol used when a parent has a known structural chromosomal rearrangement (like a translocation or inversion), allowing us to screen for specific inherited structural imbalances.
While PGT-A cannot promise a 100% guarantee because successful pregnancy also relies on uterine lining health and immune factors, it remains one of our most powerful breakthroughs. It lowers miscarriage rates from roughly 30% down to under 5% in high-risk groups and dramatically shortens the time it takes to achieve a safe, live birth.
